关键词: 彝族口传诗歌, 程式化, 隐喻

Abstract: Metaphors in the orally-transmitted poems of the Yi People originate from their observation of the nature, such as habits and characteristics of the animals and plants, observation of changes of natural phenomena, experience from production and life, or perception of their culture in general. Meige, one of the representative orally-transmitted Yi epics, shows that use of metaphors follow traditional regulations. Bimos usually sing it at sacrificial ceremonies, prayers or funerals to direct the spirits of the deceased back to ancestorland while singers often sing it at jubilant celebrations, such as weddings, for the purpose of entertainment. Metaphors used at the latter occasions vary according to the context and functions of the singings as well as identity of the singers. Wide use of metaphors in the orally-transmitted Yi poems effectively enrich their emotional exposure, vitalize their narrative imagery and enhance their expressive power.

Key words: orally-transmitted Yi poem, stylization, metaphor