Abstract: The construction of primary school students’ network security system in the new era is both an important exploration in the development of China’s network culture and an inevitable choice in the context of the “Internet plus” era. Primary school students are important users of the Internet, the hot spots of which, therefore, have immediate, direct and profound impact on them. They often “play with the hot spots” and the problems thus caused deserve our close attention. This study explores the adverse effects of Internet memes on the behavior of primary school students from the perspective of educational anthropology combined with Kohlberg’s theory of moral development and Bandura’s theory of social learning. Employing questionnaire survey, in-depth interview, participant observation and other methods, the authors aim to understand the current situation of the students at Y Primary School in Xishuangbanna Prefecture in this respect. The study first points out the adverse effects of Internet memes on their life, learning performance, psychology, personality, and values, then proceeds to propose coping strategies from the perspectives of home education, school guidance and home-school cooperation, so as to improve their online moral literacy, promote the construction of a network security system for them, and cultivate their good behavioral habits in the new era.

Key words: Internet meme, primary school student, behavior of primary school student, adverse effect