Abstract: Liang Shiqiu (1903-1987), a “New Moon” literary theoretician, constructed his theory trinity - theory of prudent morality, theory of reasonable emotion and theory of literary discipline -based on the theory of human nature. Both his literary theory and criticism, therefore, show prudence, conservativeness, restraint and discipline. Although directly influenced by ideas of neo-humanists like Irving Babbitt, Liang's theory, when examined in depth, can be traced back to traditional Chinese literary theory and culture. For example, his advocacy of natural law, ritual respect and past reverence is in conformity with Confucianism and neo-humanism, as both demonstrate inheritance and innovation of tradition.

Key words: Liang Shiqiu (1903-1987), tradition, theory of prudent morality, theory of reasonable emotion, theory of literary discipline