Abstract: Dinosaurs represent one of the most successful vertebrate groups in the geological history of the Earth which, since the birth of the term “dinosaur” in 1841, have captivated our interest and enthusiasm in exploration of prehistoric life. As supremely adapted terrestrial vertebrates, dinosaurs achieved remarkable evolutionary and ecological success, characterized by diverse respiratory and metabolic adaptations. This paper synthesizes recent research on dinosaur respiratory systems through five key physiological indicators–presence of air sacs, uncinate processes on ribs, nasal turbinate structures, bone growth rates, and cardiovascular system features–to reconstruct the evolutionary development of dinosaur respiration, advance comprehensive understanding of dinosaur physiology, and provide scientifically grounded content for public education purposes.

Key words: dinosaur, physiology, respiratory system, research advance