Abstract: Development of artificial intelligence is always accompanied by its ethical risk. To examine the ethical “risk image” of artificial intelligence with Marx’s view on ethics of science and technology, we should see that 1) the intervention of artificial intelligence as an intermediary in social life will cause the imbalance of the ethical relationship between human and self, or lead to the dissipation of initiative, the elimination of autonomy, and the elimination of self-oriented risk of the subject; 2) the imbalance of ethical relations between people may lead to the worsening of trust crisis, the aggravation of privacy violation, the deepening of inherent prejudice, and the widening of the digital divide; 3) the disorderly ethical relationship between human and society may lead to the risk of limiting the overall development and escalating class oppression; and 4) the ethical relationship between man and nature will go out of control, which may lead to the risk of resource capture exceeding the threshold, species diversity overpressure, and intergenerational equity exceeding the boundary. Disclosure of the ethical risks of artificial intelligence provides not only a necessary prerequisite for the research, development and application of artificial intelligence, but also a solid foundation for its sustainable development.

Key words: Karl Marx, ethics of science and technology, artificial intelligence, ethical hazard